Perioada sarcinii poate presupune sacrificii, retineri, abstinente, restrictii. Dar scopul este nobil si merita din plin 9 luni de efort, pentru o viata de satisfactii. Protejati-va bebelusul inca din viata intrauterina, fiind mai ales atente la ce mancati!
Este important macar acum in timpul sarcinii sa faceti efortul de a va abtine de la a manca anumite alimente. Evitati de pilda, pe cat se poate, alimentele conservate. Atat pe cele din conservele metalice, cat si pe cele din oricare alte tipuri de recipiente. Se stie ca toate acestea contin zahar, sare, uneori multa grasime, dar mai ales conservanti, aromatizanti si coloranti.
Este indicat sa cititi de fiecare data cu atentie etichetele, urmarind termenele de garantie si alegand produsele fara aditivi. Nerecomandate sunt, de asemenea alimentele gatite si inghetate, semipreparatele etc.
Ocoliti cantinele cu mancare calda, mancarurile gata preparate din supermarket-uri. Toate aceste alimente, al caror timp de depozitare si conditii de preparare nu sunt cunoscute, pot contine bacterii, ce se transmit usor fatului, punandu-i viata in pericol.
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Laptele si produsele lactate in general, nepasteurizate, ca si branzeturile moi, pot fi periculoase pentru sarcina, din cauza riscului unei infectii cu listeria . De aceea este de preferat sa le evitati. Branzeturile moi (cele cu mucegai) dar si cele pregatite din lapte nepasteurizat pot fi de asemenea nocive pentru mama, dar mai ales pentru fat. Ouale crude, netratate termic trebuie de asemenea eliminate complet din dieta gravidei - si alimentele care le contin (salata de vinete de exemplu).
Fructele de mare (crude) si pestele afumat trebuie evitate in timpul sarcinii. Fructele de mare pot fi insa consumate daca sunt tratate termic la o temperatura corespunzatoare. Evitate complet in timpul sarcinii trebuie sa fie insa algele, care predispun la aparitia de infectii nocive atat la mama cat si la fat.
Peste consumat de mama, cat si de femeile care alapteaza trebuie ales cu grija. Desi este benefic datorita acizilor grasi Omega3, mercurul care se regaseste in peste poate afecta dezvoltarea sistemului nervos la bebelusi. Noile studii arata ca bebelusul este foarte sensibil la mercur.
Fructe de mare si peste. Fructele de mare sau pestele afumat trebuie evitate in timpul sarcinii, intrucat ar putea fi contaminate cu listeria. Totusi, puteti consuma fructe de mare sau peste proaspat ori decongelat - gatite la temperaturi optime. Excludeti total din meniu, in timpul sarcinii, algele care predispun la aparitia de infectii nocive atat pentru mama, cat si pentru copil.
Cafeaua, ceaiul si ciocolata calda contin cafeina, substanta care are un efect nedorit asupra sistemului digestiv. Reduceti consumul zilnic de cofeina sau eliminati-le complet. Puteti bea in schimb multa apa minerala. Daca totusi vreti sa beti ceaiuri de plante in timpul sarcinii, consultati un specialist in plante sau un farmacist. In general ceaiurile preambalate nu fac rau fatului, insa e bine sa se preintampine efectele nedorite. Ceaiul din frunze de zmeura, spre exemplu, chiar se recomanda pentru un travaliu usor
Zaharul este continut de prajituri, biscuiti, dar si de bauturile dulci acidulate si de multe iaurturi din comert dar si alte produse procesate. Acestea sunt sarace in substante nutritive esentiale si au ca efect ingrasarea. Va puteti asigura aportul de energie consumand carbohidrati, existenti in alimentele care contin amidon, precum painea din faina integrala si pastele fainoase. In schimb, reduceti dulciurile!
Alcoolul consumat in timpul sarcinii face sa treaca prin placenta in circulatia sanguina a fatului, putand fi realmente nociv. De aceea este mai bine sa va preparati singura bauturi nealcoolice si sa renuntati un timp la cele cu alcool. Chiar si berea si vinurile a caror concentratie de alcool este mica, contin in cantitate mare aditivi ori alte substante chimice daunatoare, ce pot avea urmari neasteptate asupra sanatatii fatului.
Despre alimentele modificate genetic nu se cunosc prea multe. Sunt prea putine studii efectuate si nu exista dovezi cum ca ar fi sau nu lipsite de pericole. Nu se poate afirma deci ca sunt nocive fie pentru mama, fie pentru fat. Se stie insa ca ingineria genetica nu este lipsita de riscuri, caci reactia genelor mutante poate lua oricand prin surprindere pe cercetatori. Un exemplu la intamplare ar fi cel al rosiilor si cartofilor, ai caror stramosi erau otravitori. Un lucru e cert. Faptul ca astazi cartoful nu mai este otravitor, nu presupune ca gena care-i determina toxicitatea a disparut, ci ca doar este latenta. Deoarece va mai trece probabil mult timp pana se va dovedi cu precizie daca alimentele modificate genetic sunt periculoase sau nu, daca aveti dubii in acest sens, e mai bine sa le evitati. Unele etichete anunta aceste modificari genetice, spre exemplu pateul cu soia modificata. E bine sa le studiati inainte pentru a fi mai impacate. E bine sa stiti de ce trebuie sa va feriti in general, in toata aceasta perioada.
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Susanul a fost folosit inca din antichitate la provocarea avortului la femeile insarcinate. Acestea excita musculatura uterina, cauzeaza contractii si in cele din urma are loc expulzarea ovulului fecundat, mai ales in primul trimestru de sarcina.
Carnea cruda, netratata termic la temperaturi ridicate! poate fi o sursa de putea fi o sursa de salmonella, trichinella, toxoplasmoza sau chiar e-coli.
Dar e important nu doar sa stiti ce sa evitati, ci si ce sa consumati. Printre elmentele esentiale de care aveti nevoie in perioada de sarcina, se numara si acizii grasi polinesaturati cu lanturi lungi. Acestia sunt necesari pentru dezvoltarea sistemului nervos, a creierului si retinei bebelusului. Deoarece fatul nu ii poate sintetiza singur, el se bazeaza pe un aport suficient de la mama, prin placenta, apoi dupa nastere, prin lapte. Cea mai bogata sursa de acizi grasi esentiali, o constituie de departe pestii grasi precum macroul si somonul. De asemenea un continut ridicat de acizi grasi il au si nucile, semintele cerealele si legumele cu frunze verde-inchis.
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