Curerele de aer si de soare au un efect extrem de benefic asupra organismului bebelusului - sunt esentiale pentru cresterea si dezvoltarea armonioasa. Profitati de timpul frumos si cultivati plimbarile in aer liber! In restul timpului, tineti geamurile larg deschise, mai ales in perioada verii.
Cura de aer
Aerul curat intareste organismul bebelusului si il protejeaza de infectii ale cailor respiratorii. Daca nu este posibil sa scoateti copilul la aer, apropiati-i patul de geamul deschis sau duceti-l intr-un balcon acoperit.
Inca de la varsta de doua luni, bebelusii au nevoie de 3-5 ore in aer liber. Tot incepand de acum e bine sa se demareze fortificarea organismului si intarirea rezistentei lui.
Calirea organismului se face mai ales prin factori naturali de mediu ca aerul, apa, soarele, la care se adauga si exercitiile fizice. Calirea trebuie sa se faca treptat, progresiv, sistematic si continuu, tinandu-se cont de anumite reguli.
Prima etapa in calire o presupune actiunea aerului sub forma bailor de aer. Acestea pot incepe in camera bebelusului care trebuie sa fie bine aerisita si cu o temperatura de 20-22 de grade. In prima faza copilul se pune pe burta pe un plan tare, complet dezbracat, timp de 2-3 minute, ajungandu-se in timp la jumatate de ora.
Cand mergi la plimbare cu bebe, nu tine caruciorul complet inchis. Acoperisul caruciorului este menit sa-l apere de ploaie nu si de aer sau soare. Caruciorul inchis intretine o atmosfera sufocanta, mai ceva decat intr-o camera neaerisita.
Cura de soare
Trebuie sa profitati cat mai mult de soare si sa-l oferiti din belsug bebelusilor! In camera, prin geamul inchis, patrund numai razele calde si luminoase, dar nu si ultravioletele. Acestea fabrica in corpul copilului vitamina D antirahitica, care fixeaza calciul.
Lipsa vitaminei D imbolnaveste organismul de rahitism, o boala cu consecinte foarte grave la copii. Rahitismul este de fapt o afectiune a intregului corp si face imposibila asimilarea calciului. Chiar si atunci cand alimentatia ofera calciu in cantitate suficienta, acesta nu poate fi absorbit si fixat. Se manifesta prin pierderea din tarie a oaselor si inmuierea tesuturilor. De asemenea organele digestive participa la acesta suferinta. Copilul isi pierde pofta de mancare si digera prost alimentatia. Copiii care sufera de rahitism sunt mai expusi, mai vulnerabili se imbolnavesc mai usor si fac mult mai usor infectii.
Soarele fereste copilul de rahitism. Expusi suficient timp la razele soarelui, inca de bebelusi, copiii capata oase si dinti sanatosi. De asemenea soarele mareste rezistenta si in fata altor afectiuni. De aceea este bine ca in camera bebelusilor si in restul locuintei, razele soarelui sa patrunda din plin, pe tot parcursul zilei si in orice anotimp.
In primele 3 luni de viata, pielea bebelusilor este foarte sensibila la actiunea razelor solare, de aceea trebuie expusi progresiv si cu prudenta. Timpul de expunere variaza in functie de anotimp, iar in cadrul aceluiasi anotimp, in functie de intensitatea razelor solare. De asemenea se tine cont de modul de reactie a copilului. Cele mai nepotrivite ore de expunere la soare sunt intre 10 si 15, cand atmosfera contine cea mai mare cantitate de ultraviolete. Cea mai eficienta si mai sanatoasa cura de soare este in primele ore ale diminetii, cand razele ultraviolete sunt mai bogate, iar cele calorice mai reduse. Vara, expunerea se face treptat pentru a nu cauza bebelusului arsuri sau insolatie cu manifestari ulterioare total neplacute ca febra, agitatie, varsaturi etc.
Se incepe ca si la curele de aer cu doua minute, pentru bebelusii de pana in 2 luni, timpul de expunere marindu-se apoi zilnic cu un minut, pana ce copilul se obisnuieste si se bronzeaza suficient. Intai se expun picioarele, a doua zi abdomenul iar in urmatoarea zi pieptul si bratele. La copiii de 3-4 luni, in prima zi se pot expune fata si mainile timp de 5 minute. In a doua zi bronzarea revine picioarelor si gambelor pana la genunchi, tot 5 minute. In a treia zi se descopera coapsele, iar in a patra toracele si bratele. Timpul de expunere se va prelungi zilnic cu 3-5 minute, astfel incat dupa zece zile tot corpul copilului sa fie descoperit timp de jumatate de ora. E bine sa nu se depaseasca 1-2 ore pe zi. Nu uitati sa feriti capul bebelusului acoperindu-l cu o palarioara!
Vara e bine sa lasam bebelusii complet dezbracati la soare, preferabil in orele de dimineata sau dupa-amiaza, cand soarele e la asfintit, dar numai dupa ce pielea este suficient bronzata. In restul zilei, copilul va sta la umbra, in curte, gradina sau in parc. In zilele fierbinti de vara, cu temperaturi care depasesc 25 de grade celsius, sugarul se va tine in miezul zilei, intr-o camera umbrita, racoroasa, unde isi va face somnul de la pranz. In zilele mai reci, toamna sau primavara, bebelusul se scoate in orele de pranz cand soarele este sus. Si in timpul iernii fata ramane descoperita, fiind singura zona care se poate bronza.
Daca pielea copilului se inroseste, se poate renunta cate o zi la plaja. In aceste conditii nu mai sapuniti copilul in timpul baii si nici nu-i frecati pielea atunci cand il stergeti. Puteti folosi lotiuni si creme de protectie solara special pentru bebelusi. Copiii blonzi sau roscati au pielea mai alba si mult mai sensibila la razele soarelui, piele care nu se bronzeaza, ci se inroseste fiind foarte predispusa la arsuri. Acesti copii se vor expune la soare cu multa prudenta, avand nevoie de creme si uleiuri protectoare. Copiii cu pielea de culoare inchisa se bronzeaza mai repede si mai bine, neavand nevoie de lotiuni impotriva razelor prea puternice.
Pentru bebelusii care nu-si pot schimba singuri pozitia, soarele prea puternic care le bate in fata, direct in ochi, poate crea disconfort, stari de agitatie, de iritare si chiar repulsie pentru soare. Nu uitati sa protejati copilul, daca doarme, aplicandu-i o batista sau o panza deasupra ochilor. Daca este treaz, ii tineti capul la umbra sau intr-o pozitie incat razele sa nu-l deranjeze!
Razele soarelui reprezinta unul dintre cele mai pretioase medicamente. Bucurati-va de actiunea lor foarte benefica, dar evitati neplacerile, prin exces!
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