Alimentatia bebelusului are o evolutie progresiva de la alimentatia lichida cu lapte matern sau lapte praf pana la hrana solida si diversificata a bebelusilor.
Fierul din laptele matern este bine absorbit de catre sugari.
Se estimeaza ca sugarii pot folosi o cantitate mai mare de 50% din fierul din laptele matern, comparativ cu mai putin de 12% din fierul absorbit din laptele praf pentru sugari.
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Oferirea de lapte de vaca sugarilor, de asemenea, poate duce la hemoragii gastrointestinale.
Din aceste motive, laptele de vaca, nu ar trebui sa fie administrat sugarilor pana cand acestia sunt in varsta de cel putin un an.
Se recomanda ca sugarii sa fie hraniti exclusiv prin alaptare in primele sase luni de viata.
Introducerea treptata a produselor alimentare solide imbogatite cu fier ar trebui sa completeze laptele matern de la sapte pana la 12 luni.
Sugarii intarcati de la laptele matern, inainte de 12 luni ar trebui sa primeasca lapte praf pentru sugari fortificat cu fier. Laptele praf pentru bebelusi care contine intre 4 - 12 miligrame de fier per litru sunt considerate fortificate de fier.
Daca nu ii dai copilului cereale pentru sugari fortificate cu fier, disponibile comercial, copilul va prezenta deficienta de fier?
Tu nu vei putea sa "intaresti" cereale facute acasa pentru bebelus precum sunt fortificate cerealele in mod comercial. Altele decat cereale pentru copii comerciale, alimente pentru copii la borcan nu sunt imbogatite cu fier.
Exista multe lucruri care se pot adauga la cereale, care va da un "plus de fier", cum ar fi laptele praf, laptele matern, germeni de grau si drojdie de bere pentru a numi doar cateva.
Odata ce ai introdus fructe si legume in alimentatia copilului, impreuna cu carne si oua, vei asigura Vitamina C, care ajuta la absorbtia fierului.
Cereale comerciale pentru copii sunt foarte bine procesate si contin substante nutritive, inclusiv orice cantitate de fier, care este eliminat in prelucrare si apoi se adauga inapoi.
Fierul care se gaseste in cereale comerciale pentru copii nu este la fel de usor de absorbit precum cel care se gaseste in produsele naturale.
Fierul se gaseste in alimente sub doua forme, fier hem si non-hem.
Fierul hem, care se constituie in proportie de 40 la suta din fierul din carne, pasari de curte (inclusiv in special galbenusuri), lapte si peste este bine absorbit.
Fierul non-hem, care reprezinta 60 la suta din fierul din tesuturile animale si tot fierul din plante (fructe, legume, seminte, nuci) este mai bine absorbit.
Am mentionat mai jos alimente care sunt bogate in fier. Incearca sa servesti copilului cel putin doua din aceste alimente (asigura-te ca produsele alimentare sunt corespunzatoare varstei) odata ce copilul incepe sa scada consumul de laptele matern sau lapte praf si incepe sa manance mai multe mese.
Produse alimentare care sunt bogate in fier:
- Laptele matern si laptele praf fortificat prin fier;
- Fasole uscata;
- Suc de fructe de iarna;
- Cartofi dulci;
- Broccoli;
- Ciuperci;
- Carne si pasari (carne de vita, ficat de vita si ficat de pui, porc, curcan);
- Plante verzi (spanac, broccoli, sfecla, rosii);
- Galbenusuri de ou;
- Fructe uscate (smochine, caise, prune, stafide) ;
- Suc de prune;
- Tofu;
- Boabe (grau fiert, germeni de grau, porumb, mei, orez brun, faina de cartofi, tarate, paine, cereale fortificate cu fier);
- Melasa (incearca sa adaugi un pic in cereale atunci cand copilul este de peste 10 luni);
- Drojdie de bere;
- Crustacee (scoici, stridii, creveti);
- Ton, sardine, somon, conserve.
Vitamina C ajuta la absorbtia de fier. Incearca sa o administrezi copilului ori de cate ori este posibil.
Cat de mult fier este in mancarea pe care o dai copilului?
Vezi cat de mult fier este in o lingura de alimente consumate frecvent de copii:
Broccoli: 0.09 mg ;
Cartofi dulci: 0.10 mg ;
Carne de vita: 0.36 mg ;
Pui: 0.15 mg (carne alba), 19 mg (carne rosie) ;
Galbenus de ou: 0.38 mg ;
Acorda atentie alimentatie bebelusului tau si ai grija ca aportul de vitamine si minerale din meniul acestuia sa corespunda cu valorile nutrutionala de care are nevoie copilul.
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